DOP-C02 Free Practice Test

A company uses AWS Storage Gateway in file gateway mode in front of an Amazon S3 bucket that is used by multiple resources. In the morning when business begins, users do not see the objects processed by a third party the previous evening. When a DevOps engineer looks directly at the S3 bucket, the data is there, but it is missing in Storage Gateway.
Which solution ensures that all the updated third-party files are available in the morning?

1. A. Configure a nightly Amazon EventBridge event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to run the RefreshCache command for Storage Gateway.
2. B. Instruct the third party to put data into the S3 bucket using AWS Transfer for SFTP.
3. C. Modify Storage Gateway to run in volume gateway mode.
4. D. Use S3 Same-Region Replication to replicate any changes made directly in the S3 bucket to Storage Gateway.

Correct Answer: A
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/storagegateway/latest/APIReference/API_RefreshCache.html " It only updates the cached inventory to reflect changes in the inventory of the objects in the S3 bucket. This operation is only supported in the S3 File Gateway types."

A company has a single AWS account that runs hundreds of Amazon EC2 instances in a single AWS Region. New EC2 instances are launched and terminated each hour in the account. The account also includes existing EC2 instances that have been running for longer than a week.
The company's security policy requires all running EC2 instances to use an EC2 instance profile. If an EC2 instance does not have an instance profile attached, the EC2 instance must use a default instance profile that has no IAM permissions assigned.
A DevOps engineer reviews the account and discovers EC2 instances that are running without an instance
profile. During the review, the DevOps engineer also observes that new EC2 instances are being launched without an instance profile.
Which solution will ensure that an instance profile is attached to all existing and future EC2 instances in the Region?

1. A. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EC2 RunInstances API call
2. B. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to attach the default instance profile to the EC2 instances.
3. C. Configure the ec2-instance-profile-attached AWS Config managed rule with a trigger type of configuration change
4. D. Configure an automatic remediation action that invokes an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to attach the default instance profile to the EC2 instances.
5. E. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EC2 StartInstances API call
6. F. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to attach the default instance profile to the EC2 instances.
7. G. Configure the iam-role-managed-policy-check AWS Config managed rule with a trigger type of configuration change
8. H. Configure an automatic remediation action that invokes an AWS Lambda function to attach the default instance profile to the EC2 instances.

Correct Answer: B
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/config/latest/developerguide/ec2-instance-profile-attached.html

An application running on a set of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group requires a configuration file to operate. The instances are created and maintained with AWS CloudFormation. A DevOps engineer wants the instances to have the latest configuration file when launched and wants changes to the configuration file to be reflected on all the instances with a minimal delay when the CloudFormation template is updated. Company policy requires that application configuration files be maintained along with AWS infrastructure configuration files m source control.
Which solution will accomplish this?

1. A. In the CloudFormaiion template add an AWS Config rul
2. B. Place the configuration file content in the rule's InputParameters property and set the Scope property to the EC2 Auto Scaling grou
3. C. Add an AWS Systems Manager Resource Data Sync resource to the template to poll for updates to the configuration.
4. D. In the CloudFormation template add an EC2 launch template resourc
5. E. Place the configuration file content in the launch templat
6. F. Configure the cfn-mit script to run when the instance is launched and configure the cfn-hup script to poll for updates to the configuration.
7. G. In the CloudFormation template add an EC2 launch template resourc
8. H. Place the configuration file content in the launch templat
9. I. Add an AWS Systems Manager Resource Data Sync resource to the template to poll for updates to the configuration.
10. J. In the CloudFormation template add CloudFormation imt metadat
11. K. Place the configuration file content m the metadat
12. L. Configure the cfn-init script to run when the instance is launched and configure thecfn-hup script to poll for updates to the configuration.

Correct Answer: D
Use the AWS::CloudFormation::Init type to include metadata on an Amazon EC2 instance for the cfn-init helper script. If your template calls the cfn-init script, the script looks for resource metadata rooted in the AWS::CloudFormation::Init metadata key. Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-resource-init.html

A company that uses electronic health records is running a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances with an Amazon Linux operating system. As part of patient privacy requirements, the company must ensure continuous compliance for patches for operating system and applications running on the EC2 instances.
How can the deployments of the operating system and application patches be automated using a default and custom repository?

1. A. Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new patch baseline including the custom repositor
2. B. Run the AWS-RunPatchBaseline document using the run command to verify and install patches.
3. C. Use AWS Direct Connect to integrate the corporate repository and deploy the patches using Amazon CloudWatch scheduled events, then use the CloudWatch dashboard to create reports.
4. D. Use yum-config-manager to add the custom repository under /etc/yum.repos.d and run yum-config-manager-enable to activate the repository.
5. E. Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new patch baseline including the corporate repositor
6. F. Run the AWS-AmazonLinuxDefaultPatchBaseline document using the run command to verify and install patches.

Correct Answer: A
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/systems-manager/latest/userguide/patch-manager-how-it-works-alt-source-reposit

A company uses AWS CodeArtifact to centrally store Python packages. The CodeArtifact repository is configured with the following repository policy.

A development team is building a new project in an account that is in an organization in AWS Organizations. The development team wants to use a Python library that has already been stored in the CodeArtifact repository in the organization. The development team uses AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild to build the new application. The CodeBuild job that the development team uses to build the application is configured to run in a VPC Because of compliance requirements the VPC has no internet connectivity.
The development team creates the VPC endpoints for CodeArtifact and updates the CodeBuild buildspec yaml file. However, the development team cannot download the Python library from the repository.
Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take so that the development team can use Code Artifact? (Select TWO.)

1. A. Create an Amazon S3 gateway endpoint Update the route tables for the subnets that are running the CodeBuild job.
2. B. Update the repository policy's Principal statement to include the ARN of the role that the CodeBuild project uses.
3. C. Share the CodeArtifact repository with the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM).
4. D. Update the role that the CodeBuild project uses so that the role has sufficient permissions to use the CodeArtifact repository.
5. E. Specify the account that hosts the repository as the delegated administrator for CodeArtifact in the organization.

Correct Answer: AD
"AWS CodeArtifact operates in multiple Availability Zones and stores artifact data and metadata in Amazon S3 and Amazon DynamoDB. Your encrypted data is redundantly stored across multiple facilities and multiple devices in each facility, making it highly available and highly durable." https://aws.amazon.com/codeartifact/features/ With no internet connectivity, a gateway endpoint becomes necessary to access S3.